Éire

Ireland

Ireland is a divided country. The Republic of Ireland is the independent part, and then there is Northern Ireland, territory of the UK. The native language of Ireland is Irish Gaelic. It is a threatened language. Nevertheless, in the independent part of Ireland (the Irish Republic), it is official. There is another minority language, Ulster-Scots, brought several centuries ago by Scottish immigrants and still in use, mainly in Northern Ireland.

In this page, introductory information about the languages (Irish, Scots), and placenames tables for the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.

->

Éire

Irlanda herrialde zatitua da. Parte independentea Irlandako Errepublika da, eta Ipar Irlanda dugu gero, britainiarrek okupatua. Irlandako jatorrizko hizkuntza, gaeliko irlandarra, oso gutxitua dago. Irlaren parte batean, errepublika independentean ofiziala da, dena den. Beste gutxiengo hizkuntza bat ere badago Irlandan, Ulster-Scots, eskoziar etorkinek duela zenbait gizaldi hara eramandakoa, eta egun Ipar Irlandan mintzatzen da batik bat.

Orri honetan, bi hizkuntzei buruzko informazio laburra (Gaelikoa, Scots), eta toki-izen taulak Irlandako Errepublikarako eta Ipar Irlandarako.

Irish (Gaelic)

According to the census, 787.000 people speak Irish (called Gaeilge in the language itself) in the Republic of Ireland, but it is only the everyday language of some 120.000. Those are official figures, but the Unesco Red Book of Engangered Languages puts the number of real users only in 20,000 people. Revitalization efforts are carried in Northern Ireland, but as far as native speakers are concerned, Unesco consideres Irish extinct in Northern Ireland. There are, however, hundreds of 2nd language speakers and learners there.

->

Gaeilge

Gaelikoari Irlandera ere esan dakioke. Ingelesez "Irish" forma hobesten da. Gaeilge da jatorrizko forma. Errolden arabera 787.000 lagunek dakite Gaelikoa Irlandan, baina eguneroko etxeko mintzaira 120.000 lagunentzat da soilik, batez ere eskualde gaelikoetan, Gaeltacht direlakoetan. Zifra ofizialak dira horiek, Unescoren Liburu Gorriak soilik 20.000 hiztun erreal zenbatzen ditu. Ipar Irlandan, berriz, galdutzat jotzen du Gaelikoa Unescok: ez da han jatorrizko hiztunik. Hala ere, hiztun ikasiak ehundaka ere izan litezke.

Ulster-Scots

Ulster-Scots is a variery of Scots proper, or Lallans, spoken in Scotland. It is spoken by some 100,000 native speakers although the numbers are declining very fast. Most speakers are in Northern Ireland it is spoken in counties Down, Antrim, North Londonderry/Derry and north Tyrone. In the Republic of Ireland it is spoken in east Donegal. We list below names where the official name in English differs from the Ulster-Scots native form (all from Northern Ireland, UK territory). Other Ulster-Scots names in Donegal (Republic of Ireland) and Northern Ireland do not differ from forms in maps.

Ulster-Scots

Ulster-Scots berez Eskoziako eskoziera edo Lallans mintzairaren aldaera da, ingelesaren muturreko dialekto bat, nolabait esateko. 100.000 jatorrizko hiztun geratzen dira, baina beheraka ari da hizkuntza. Ipar Irlandan daude hiztun gehien, konterri hauetan: Down, Antrim, Ipar Derry, Ipar Tyrone. Irlandako Errepublikan ere mintzatzen da Donegal ekialdean. Gure zerrendan (beherago), mapan desberdinak dira izenak dauzkagu, denak Ipar Irlandakoak (britainiarrek okupatutako lurraldeak beraz). Beste toki batzuen izenak Ulster-Scots formekin bat datoz, baina horiek ez ditugu zerrendatu.

Republic of Ireland

In the Republic of Ireland, the first official language is Irish Gaelic, but, de facto, the second official language (english) dominates. The territory of the Republic of Ireland is organised according to language in these areas: Gaeltacht or irish speaking areas (plural: Gaeltachtaí); Galltacht or non-irish speaking areas (plural: Galltachtaí); and the Breac Ghaeltacht or contact area. The official Irish name of the state is Éire, but take in mind that in Irish this name designates the whole island, Ireland as a whole, not just the Republic.

Irlandako Errepublika

Irlandako Errepublikan, irlandes edo gaelikoa lehen hizkuntza ofiziala da. Ingelesa bigarren hizkuntza ofiziala da, baina de facto nagusi da. Lurraldea honela antolatzen da hizkuntzaren arabera: Gaeltacht edo eskualde gaelikoak (pluralez Gaeltachtaí); Galltacht edi eskualde ez gaelikoak (pluralez Galltachtaí); eta Breac Ghaeltacht edo ukipen gunea. Sarri Eire forma erabiltzen da Irlandako Errepublika adierazteko, baina hori ez da zuzena (izen ofiziala gaelikoz hori izan arren): Éire, berez, Irlanda da, uharte osoa adierazteko erabili beharko genuke.

Ingelesez / English

Gaelikoz / Irish

Aigue

An Fháithe

Aran Islands

Oileáin Árann

Ballinskelligs

Baile an Sceilg

Ballydavid

Baila na nGall

Ballyferriter

Baile an Fheirtéaraigh

Barna

Bearna

Blue Shack Mountains

Na Cruacha

Bray

Bré / Brí Chualann

Carrick-on-Shannon

Cara Droma Rúisc

Castlebar

Caislean an Bharraigh

Cavan

An Cabhán

Connemara

Conamara

Cork

Corcaigh

Cornamone

Corr na Móna

Costelloe

Casla

Crossroads

Croisbhealaigh

Dingle [peninsula]

An Daingean

Donegal

Dun na nGall / Tír Chonaill

Drogheda

Droichead Átha

Dublin

Baile Átha Cliath / Duibhlinn

Dundalk

Dún Dealgan

Ennis

Inis

Falcarragh

An Fál Carrach

Fintown

Baile na Finne

Furbo

Na Forbacha

Galway

Gaillimh

Gortahork

Gort an Choirce

Gweedore

Gaoth Dobhair

Inisheer

Inis Oír

Inishmaan

Inis Meáin

Inishmore

Inis Mór / Árainn

Inverin

Indreabhán

Kilkenny

Cill Chainnigh

Kilmaceader

Cill Mac Éadar

Limerick

Luimneach

Longford

Longphort

Monaghan

Muineachán

Mullingar

An Muileann Cearr

Naas

An Nás / Nás na Rí

Navan

An Uaimh

Nenagh

Aonach Urmhumhan

Reesk

Riasc

Rosaveal

Ros an Mhíl

Sligo

Sligeach

Spiddal

An Spidéal

Sybil Point

Ceann Sibéal

The Big Glen

An Gleann Mór

The Rosses

Na Rosa

Tipperary

Tiobraid Árann

Tralee

Trá Lí / Traigh Lí

Tullamore

An Tulach Mhór

Upper Keeldrum

Chaoldruim Uachtarach

Ventry

Ceann Trá

Waterford

Port Láirge

Wexford

Loch Garman

Wicklow

Cill Mhantáin

Northern Ireland

The peace Agreement of April 1998 recognise both Irish and Ulster-Scots as minority languages of Northern Ireland. Where Ulster-Scots is used as a native language, both communities of N. Ireland (protestants and catholics) use it, but revitalization efforts come mainly from the protestant community, the same way Irish is promoted mainly in republican circles. The name Ulster (Irish: Ulaidh) applied to Northern Ireland is not geographically correct, as the Ulster region of Ireland also comprises parts of the Republic of Ireland. Besides that, Ulster (in the meaning of Northern Ireland) is used mainly by protestants. Republican activists use the term "six counties" to name this territory.

Ipar Irlanda

Ipar Irlandako 1998ko Apirileko Bake Akordioek gaelikoa zein Ulster-Scots hizkuntza aipatzen dituzte Ipar Irlandako guxtiengo hizkuntza gisa. Ulster-Scots mintzaira bizi den tokietan, protestante zein katolikoek darabilte Ulster-Scots Ipar Irlandan, baina haren aldeko ahalegina, egiazki, sektore protestanteetara mugatzen da orain, Irlandako Gaelikoaren aldeko gogoa errepublikarren artean nabari den bezala (jatorrizko hiztuniak aspaldi desagertuak). Ulster izena (gaelikoz Ulaidh) ez da erabili behar Ipar Irlanda adierazteko, ez da geografikoki zuzena (errepublikako parte bat ere hartzen baitu), eta gainera unionisten ikurra da, katolikoek ez darabilte. Errepublikarrek "sei konterriak" ere erabiltzen dute.

Ingelesez / English

Gaelikoz / Irish (Gaelic)

Ulster-Scots

Armagh

Ard Mhacha

Ballycarry

Braid Islann

Ballyhalbert

Talsbotstoun

Ballymena

An Baile Meánach

M'Keens Toun

Ballymoney

Baile Monaidh

Ballywalter

Whitkirk

Bangor

Beannchar

Belfast

Béal Feirste

Bilfawst

Carrickfergus

Carraig Fhearghais

Coleraine

Cúil Raithin

Derry / Londonderry (1)

Doire / Doire Cholm Cille

Lunnonderrie

Gilnahirk

Stae Brae

Greyabbey

Greba

Larne

Latharna

Olderfleet

Lisburn

Lios na gCearrbhach

Londonderry (1) / Derry

Doire / Doire Cholm Cille

Lunnonderrie

Moneyreagh

Galloa Brae

Newry

An tIúr / Iúr Chinn Trá

Newtonabbey

Baile na Mainistreach

Newtownards

Neuton

Omagh

An Ómaigh

Portadown

Port an Dúnáin

(1) Forma hau iraingarritzat dute errepublikarrek / This form is considered sectarian by Catholics.

Mapak / Maps

Mapak beste leiho batean irekiko zaizkizu.
Maps will open in a new window.